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第二讲短文改错题型二句法错误和行文逻辑错误第一节连词(并列连词和从句引导词)母题探究栏目导航题组集训限时训练Ⅰ.单句改错1．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→考查定语从句的关系副词。②oneafternoon作定语从句的先行词→在定语从句中充当时间状语→联想定语从句关系词的句法功能。③尝试解答：where→when2．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)Suddenlyafootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→考查并列连词的混用。②前后两个动作是顺承关系→联想并列连词的句法功能→用表顺承的并列连词。③尝试解答：but→and3．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)WhenIstudiedinhighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→考查并列连词的混用。②根据前后两个动词短语的关系→此处表示顺承关系→联想并列连词的句法功能。③尝试解答：or→and4．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→考查定语从句的关系代词。②thehistoricalenvironment作定语从句的先行词，在定语从句中作主语→联想定语从句关系词的句法功能→用关系代词。③尝试解答：what→that/which5．(2019·高考天津卷改编)Theirchildisatthestagewhichshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences._____________________________________________________________________【答案】which→where6．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife._____________________________________________________________________【答案】where→when7．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish._____________________________________________________________________【答案】which→where或者在which前面加in8.(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,butheagreed._____________________________________________________________________【答案】but→and9．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent,waitingtoseewhomwouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud._____________________________________________________________________【答案】and→or10．(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically，andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears._____________________________________________________________________【答案】and→but11．(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments._____________________________________________________________________【答案】they→that/which12．Ablogwillbeopeningonthewebsiteofourschool,thataimstohelpstudentstocommunicatebetterandimproveourEnglish._____________________________________________________________________【答案】that→which13．WhilesomeonefromthenorthofChinamayneedthespeechofsomeonefromthesouthinterpreted,butitisnotusuallynecessarytohavewrittendocumentstranslated._____________________________________________________________________【答案】去掉but14．Whenyouexercise,you'rebuildingastrongbodywhatwillbeabletomovearoundanddoallthestuffyouneedtodo._____________________________________________________________________【答案】what→that/which15．Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen._____________________________________________________________________【答案】or→and16．Infact，Idon'tliketogoanymore，soI'mafraidI'lllosetheirfriendship._____________________________________________________________________【答案】so→but17．Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner，thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight._____________________________________________________________________【答案】that→which18．Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing._____________________________________________________________________【答案】where→that或去掉where□__点石成金__并列连词和从句引导词误用一般有下面几个方面：1．考生不能区分并列句和复合句而误用连接词。2．决定定语从句关系词的关键在于句子成分——关系词在从句中所充当的成分。如果把握不准就会造成关系词的误用。3．名词性从句。要熟悉各种名词性从句的特点，掌握名词性从句引导词的用法，特别要注意that/what,if/whether等易混连接词。4．状语从句。因没有掌握各类状语从句引导词的用法而误用。如：when意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：beabouttodo…when…bedoing…when…beonthepointofdoing…when…hadjustdone…when…而when还可表原因，意为“既然”。再如：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thelasttime,anytime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。并要注意和介词短语的混用。应考策略1．掌握并列连词的3要点(1)并列连词的2个功能并列连词既可以连接并列的单词或短语，也可以连接并列的分句。语法填空无提示词的考查中，当两个或两个以上的单词、短语之间没有连词时，一般是填并列连词。当两个或两个以上的句子之间没有连词时，就需要根据逻辑关系来判断是用并列连词还是从句连词。(2)并列连词的基本类型①表示并列或递进关系的有：and,both…and…，notonly…but(also)…等。②表示选择关系的有：or,either…or…，not…but…等。③表示转折或对比关系的有：but,while等。④表示因果关系的有：so,for等。(3)并列连词的常用句式①祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句。②Sb.wasdoingsth.when…③Sb.wasabouttodosth.when…2．并列句和复合句的区别(1)并列句和定语从句的区别：并列句是由and,but等并列连词连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。定语从句中，要注意关系词的选择。注意区分：that/which;aswhich;关系代词和关系副词的辨析；当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词(point,situation,case,stage等)时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。(2)并列句和状语从句的区别：并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”，两者之间是并列关系；而在状语从句中前后两个句子一个是主句，一个是从句，从句是用来修饰主句的。1．(2019·广东惠州市实验中学月考)Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleabouttheworld._____________________________________________________________________【答案】第一个but→and2．(2019·广东中山一中第二次统测)Besides,it'scommonthattheyoungormiddleagedsitonthebuswhentheelderlyhavetostand.Measuresmustbetakentochangethissituation._____________________________________________________________________【答案】when→while3．(2019·甘肃静宁一中第一次模拟改编)ThisistheplacewhatIamalwaysdreamingabout._____________________________________________________________________【答案】what→that4．(2018·江南十校模拟)Inmymemory,mygrandmawasahardworkingbutst