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Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero基础知识·梳理考点知识·导练基础知识·梳理抓主干·固双基单词拓展1.vt.献身;专心于n.献身;热爱adj.忠实的2.adj.相等的;平等的adv.相等地;平等地n.平等;等同3.n.报酬vt.酬劳adj.值得做的4.n.质量;品质adj.合格的devotedevotiondevotedequalequallyequalityrewardrewardingqualityqualifiedn.数量5.adj.积极的adv.积极地n.活动6.vt.建立;建设7.n.暴力;暴行adj.暴力的8.adj.乐意的;自愿的n.意志;意愿9.adj.不公正的n.公平;公正quantityactiveactivelyactivityfoundviolenceviolentwillingwillunfairfairness10.n.亲戚,亲属n.关系11.n.恐怖;恐怖活动n.恐怖主义n.恐怖分子12.n.残忍;残酷adj.残忍的13.vt.&vi.逃脱;逃走14.vt.进攻;攻击15.principlen.____________16.generousadj._________17.sentencevt._____________relativerelationterrorterrorismterroristcrueltycruelescapeattack法则;原则慷慨的判决;宣判短语记忆1.outwork失业2.trouble在危险的处境中3.heart丧失信心4.comepower当权;上台5.turn求助于6.amatteroffact事实上7.blow使充气;爆炸8.set设立;建立9.besentenced被判处……(徒刑)ofinlosetotoasupupto句型整理1....wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。2.IfeltbadItalkedtoagroup.我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时,心里觉得很不好受。onlythendidthefirsttime考点知识·导练解疑难·提知能1.devotevt.献身,专心于归纳拓展①devoteoneselfto献身于;致力于;专心于②devote...to...把……奉献于……③bedevotedto深爱;致力于④devotionto对……的专心/投入/奉献/忠诚等⑤devotedadj.忠实的,深爱的⑥devotionn.关爱;奉献;忠诚高考运用:语法填空①Frommyfirstjobattherestaurant,Ilearnedteamworkand(devote).②Herson,whomsheisdevoted,wentabroadlastyear,leavingheraloneinthesmallvillage.答案:①devotion②to特别提示在短语devote...to中to为介词,其后接名词或动词-ing形式,类似短语还包括:lookforwardto期盼;getdownto开始着手做;be/getusedto习惯于;be/getaccustomedto习惯于;leadto导致;payattentionto注意;objectto反对。2.equaladj.相等的;胜任的;平等的n.同等的人;相等物v.等于;抵得上归纳拓展①beequalto+n./doingsth.等于;与……相等;有……的能力;胜任②AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B或与B相匹敌③equalityn.平等巧学助记高考运用:语法填空①Ithinkheisequalthejob.②Oureducationsystemshouldprovide(equal)forallchildren.答案:①to②equality3.escapev.&n.逃脱;逃生归纳拓展①escapefrom从……逃脱,逃避②escapedoing避免做……③anarrowescape九死一生④sth.escape(s)sb.某物被某人遗忘;未被注意高考运用:完成句子①Althoughhewaslateforschool,heescaped(惩罚).②Thehotelgueststriedtheirbestto(逃离)theburningbuilding.答案:①beingpunished或punishment②escapefrom4.rewardn.报酬,报答,奖赏;酬金v.酬劳,酬谢,报答,奖赏归纳拓展①inreward(for...)作为(对……的)报答,作为(对……的)奖赏②give/offerarewardtosb.forsth.因某事给某人报酬(或赏金)③rewardsb.withsth.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事而用某物奖赏某人④rewardingadj.有益的;值得的;有回报的高考运用:语法填空①Healwaysbelievedthatthecompanywouldrewardhimhisefforts.②Theclub’sdirectorrewardedhimafreeseasonticket.③FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,the(reward)wereworththedifficulttrip.(2018全国Ⅲ,阅读理解B)答案:①for②with③rewards词语辨析:HewasawardedGoldenLion,whichrewardedhimforhisachievementinfilms.他被授予金狮奖,以此奖励他在电影方面的成就。单词名词动词reward报酬、奖金或一些非金钱的报酬指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予报酬或奖赏award奖品,奖金,与prize相似授予,颁发awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.5.outofwork失业(=outofajob)归纳拓展①outofcontrol失控②outofrepair失修③outoforder有毛病,出故障④outofdate过时⑤outofdanger脱险⑥outofplace不适当⑦outofbreath喘不上气高考运用:完成句子①Bymile17,Ibecame(气喘吁吁)andtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.(2018北京,阅读理解A)②Thefirespreadquicklyanditwas(失控).答案:①outofbreath②outofcontrol6.introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中(表状态)归纳拓展①askfortrouble找麻烦;自讨苦吃②taketroubletodosth.费力/不辞辛苦地做某事③maketrouble闹事;捣乱④getinto/outoftrouble陷入/摆脱困境(表动作)⑤havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难高考运用:完成句子①Gettingalittlecloser,Irealizedonekayak(皮划艇)was(处境危险).(2018全国Ⅱ,完形填空)②He(不辞辛苦)tohelpme.答案:①introuble②tooktrouble7.loseheart丧失信心归纳拓展①loseface丢脸,失面子②loseweight减轻体重,减肥③putone’sheartinto一心扑在……上④loseone’shearttosb.爱上某人⑤loseone’spatience失去耐心高考运用:完成句子①Whenyoufail,youshouldnever(丧失信心).②Wehavekeptwaitingfortwohours;I(失去耐心).答案:①loseheart②havelostmypatience8.cometo/intopower当权;上台归纳拓展beinpower当权;执政②outof/beyondone’spower超出某人的能力③inone’spower在某人能力以内;为某人能力所及④doall/everythinginone’spowertodosth.竭尽某人所能做某事高考运用:完成句子①Thepresidenthas(当权)forayear.②I’ll(竭尽全力)tohelpyou.答案:①beeninpower②doeverythinginmypower9....onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。归纳拓展only+状语+部分倒装高考运用:语法填空①Onlywhenyoueatproperfoodyoukeephealthy.②Onlyafterthewarwasoverhecomebacktohishometown.答案:①can②did10.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时,心里觉得很不好受。句中的名词短语thefirsttime引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次……时”。归纳拓展(1)可引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有:①=assoonas一……就……②归纳拓展(2)可以引导时间状语从句的副词有instantly,immediately,directly等,都相当于assoonas。高考运用:完成句子①(下次)youtakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.(2018天津,阅读理解D)②(每次)ImeetTom,healwayssmilestome.答案:①Nexttime②Everytime/Eachtime