乙醇正丙醇精馏实验

精馏实验一、原始数据：液相组成x气相组成y沸点℃1/x1/y0097.160.1260.2493.857.93654.16670.1880.31892.665.31913.14470.210.33991.64.76192.94990.3580.5588.322.79331.81820.4610.6586.252.16921.53850.5460.71184.981.83151.40650.60.7684.131.66671.31580.6630.79983.061.50831.25160.8440.91480.591.18481.09411178.381.00001.0000乙醇rKJ/KmolCpKJ/Kmol/K822.20642.9050二、数据处理全回流塔顶折光率质量浓度摩尔分数温度℃1.362581.31.3625平均1.36250.83640.8696塔底折光率1.37581.3740平均1.37490.25970.31397板折光率1.37251.3725平均数1.37250.37130.43518板折光率1.37411.3752平均数1.37470.27130.3269计算示例：（1）折光率3625.123625.13625.1n（2）质量分数8364.0209.643625.1*512.46-（3）摩尔分数=8696.0608364.0-1468364.0468364.0正丙醇rKJ/KmolCpKJ/Kmol/K713.29202.7165混合液rmKJ/KmolCpmKJ/Kmol/K735.07492.7542料液摩尔分数与折光率关系料液摩尔分数摩尔分数乙醇0%100%折光率1.38051.359三、绘图与分析：由图知，有3.2块理论板理论板数3.2全塔效率0.22x70.4351x8*0.1973x80.3269单板效率0.4552计算示例：全塔效率22.0101-2.3单板效率4552.0*8787xxxx部分回流部分回流回流比3温度℃塔顶折光率质量浓度摩尔浓度1.36331.36579.61.36581.3654平均数1.36461.36520.7260.7761.3649塔底折光率质量浓度摩尔浓度温度℃1.37621.3762100.61.37621.3767平均数1.37630.1930.2388板折光率质量浓度摩尔浓度温度℃1.375327.71.3715平均数1.37340.3290.3917板进料折光率质量浓度摩尔浓度温度℃q的计算方法：Ctxsf63.86)25.8632.88(358.0461.0358.04423.032.88,4423.0性内插法计算得查汽液平衡数据，由线1966.119.762)7.27-63.86(5428.219.762)(,,,,,,2121mfsmmmmfsrttCprqCpCpCprrrtt于上表；分别求得再由25.210.6xyq线：精馏段操作线斜率0.75截距0.194x10.3y10.419y=0.75x+0.194x20.9y20.869q线方程q1.1966斜率6.086截距-2.250x10.5y10.8y=6.10x-2.255x20.4y20.19精馏段操作线和q线的交点坐标xy0.45780.53758提馏段操作线x10.238y10.238xw0.4578yw0.53758绘图与分析:板1.372593.91.3722平均数1.37240.3780.442由图知有4.2块理论板理论板数4.2x80.391全塔效率0.52x8*0.283单板效率0.320x70.442讨论：1.塔底产品和塔顶产品不宜放在同一灌中2.装置操作弹性小，易液泛3.缺少降液管4.计算x*的方法不唯一，选用的方法不一样，最后得出的结论也不一样5.塔的效率比较低，原因可能是塔板结构、气液接触状况、过量液膜夹带造成的