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一、名词的定义指人、指物、地点及抽象概念的名称。名词名词的分类名词所有格专有名词：人名、地名、节日等，大写首字母普通名词可数名词不可数名词规则变化不规则变化所有格的构成所有格的用法双重所有格（个体、集体）（物质、抽象）复数可数名词的复数变化：A:规则变化（五类）1.一般名词加s：cars、books、maps2.以s/x/ch/sh结尾的名词加es例外：stomachs3.辅音字母加y结尾的名词，把y改i加es4.以”f/fe”结尾的，改成ves5.以o结尾的，有生命加es,无生命加s一个小偷的妻子，自己拿起一片叶子，变成一把刀子thiefwifeselfleafknife，杀了一匹狼崽的命，砍成两半，放到架子上。wolflifehalfself黑人(negro)英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和马铃薯(potato)fish的用法：a.一条条“鱼”：单数、复数同型b.“鱼肉”不可数c.指“鱼”的种类，加es.bcaChickens--chicken可数名词的复数变化：B:不规则变化（五类）1.单复同型:Chinese、sheep、Japanese、deer2.内部元音变化:1）00ee:goose、tooth、foot；2）ae:man、woman3.词尾加en/ren:children、oxen（牛）4.复合名词的复数变化:1）改主体部分：boystudents,appletrees、sisters-in-law;2）两个都变：menworkers,womenteachers闪光金海Leteverylifeshine.可数名词的复数变化：B:不规则变化（五类）5.特殊情况:1）只有复数：clothes、glasses、shorts、goods4）mousemice（rice)3）既可数又不可以数：room（空间）-room（房间）2）以s结尾，却表单数：news、maths、physics5）复合名词的复数：16-year-olds区别：a16-year-oldboy1.可数名词可以被基数词、不定冠词(a,an)或some,many,several,few,afew,alotof,lotsof,enough,plentyof,anumberof等修饰。2.对可数名词的量提问时，要用howmany。可数名词的运用不可数名词1.气体：air、gas、2.液体：water、milk、juice3.颗粒体：rice、corn、sand4.肉体：meat、beef、5.原材料/抽象名词：wood、cotton、love1.常见的修饰不可数名词的词语有some,much,little,alittle,alotof,lotsof,enough,plentyof等2.表示不可数名词的量时，通常要使用相应的单位词，如piece,cup,bowl等，复数形式常体现在单位词上。3.对不可数名词的量提问时，要用howmuch不可数名词的运用名词的所有格A：’s/s’的有7种B:of的所有格2种1.名词单数加’s：theboy’sboos2.名词复数加（s）’：theboys’books3.不以s结尾的复数加’s:Children’sDay4.复合名词的所有格在最后一个词后加’s：mysister-in-law’sbook5.共有的在最后一个加’s：AandB’sroom6.分开有的，都加’s：A’sandB’sbooks7.名词短语在最后一个加’s：aquarterofanhour’stalk1.无生命的属格amapofChina、thenameofthezoo2.双重所有格：afriendofmine/myfriend’sA.apictureofmineB.apictureofme(A/B)(A)如果以陈老师自己的口吻介绍这两张照片，右上角应该选？而下面的照片应该怎么说？1.—Whatagood_____you’vegivenme!Thanksalot.—Mypleasure.A.informationB.newsC.suggestionD.advice【挑战满分】2.Therearealotof_____onthegrassland._____sheep-dogissittingnexttothem.A.sheep;TheB.sheep;AC.sheeps;TheD.sheeps;A)3.—Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?—I’dlikesome_______noodles.A.carrotsB.beefC.potatoesD.vegetables4.EachcoupleinChinacanhavetwo_____fromJanuary1st,2016.A.boyB.girlC.childrenD.child5.Ourschoolhasfifty-six______teachers.A.womanB.womenC.woman’s6.Yibinisoneofthemostbeautiful______inSichuan.A.cityB.citiesC.citys7.—_______DisneyamusementparksarethereinChina?—Two.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howlong8.—I’mtoldyourclasshas3newcomers.—Yes.Oneisa_____,theothertwoare_____.A.Japan;GermanyB.Japanese;GermanC.Japanese;GemansD.Japanese;Germen10.Heis________.A.aChineseB.anEnglishC.EnglishD.AandC9.—Howmany______arethere?—Aboutfifty.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoes11.—DoAmericanstudentsalsohavelotsof_____todo?—Sure.Buttheydofewermemorizingexercises.A.sportsB.surveysC.homeworkD.housework12.—Areyouthirsty?—Yes,pleasegiveus_____.A.threebottlewaterB.threebottleofwaterC.threebottlesofwaterD.threebottlesofwaters13.Thebroken_______maycutintoyourhandifyoutouchit.Youshouldbecareful.A.glassB.glassesC.candleD.candles14.Thereis_______juiceinthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysome.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle15.Ihadsome_____,vegetablesandtwoeggsfordinner.A.riceB.noodleC.banana16.—_____pocketmoneydoyouusuallygeteverymonth?—Fiftyyuan.Whataboutyou?A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch17.Mr.Liisalwayspatienttogiveme____onhowtoworkouttheproblems.A.anadviceB.manyadvicesC.someadvice18.YesterdayfordinnerIhadapieceofbeef,vegetablesand______.A.somericeB.afewriceC.alittlericesD.arice19.Didthepolicemangivemuch_____onhowtoprotectpersonalinformation?A.noteB.tipC.adviceD.book20.Therearefifty______inourschool.Theyareallfriendlytous.A.womanteachersB.womenteacherC.womanteacherD.womenteachers21.Duringthenextfewdays,Idecidetohaveagood________bytakingawalkorseeingamovie.Ireallyneedtorelax.A.mealB.sleepC.rest22.Whatdoyouhavehere?---Ihavetwo_____andthreebottlesof_____here.A.orange.orangeB.oranges.orangesC.oranges.orange23.—HowcanIgetsome_____aboutthe2016OlympicGames?—WhynotsearchtheInternet?A.informationB.experienceC.practice24.Anniehasa_____,andsheisgoingtoseeherdentisttoday.A.coldB.feverC.coughD.toothache25.—Iwanttogotodifferentplaces,butIdon’tknowthe______.—Amapishelpful,Ithink.A.priceB.timeC.wayD.ticket26.Theygetmuch_____fromthosenewbooksthattheyreadtheotherday.A.ideasB.photosC.news.27.—Who’sthewomanunderthetree?—She’s_____aunt.A.KellyandJoe’sB.Kelly’sandJoeC.Kelly’sandJoe’s28.—Howfarisyourhomefromthetrainstation?—It’sabout20_____walk.A.minuteB.minutesC.minute’sD.minutes’29.HowdoesMr.Kinggohomeeveryday?--Hetakesa_______tohishome.A.25minutes’walkB.25minute’swalkC.25minutewalk30.Thisis_____bedroom.It'stidyandnice.A.Lily'sandLucy'sB.LilyandLucy'sC.Lily'sandLucyD.LilyandLucy31.Wejudge_____notbywhathesaysbutbywhathedoes.A.apeopleB.apersonC.people32.—_____fathersdidn’tcometothemeeting.Why?—BecausetheyhavegonetoBeijing.A.Jeff’sandAmy’sB.JeffandAmyC.Jeff’sandAmyD.JeffandAmy’s33.—_____iscoming.WhatcanIgetformymother?—Whataboutascarf?A.Women’sDayB.Woman’sDayC.Womens’Day34.TimesmagazinesaysthatsmartLegohasbecomeoneof_____favoritetoys.A.childB.childrenC.children’s35.Therearealotofpeopleinthehall,theteam_____havingameetinghere.A.isB.areC.am36.Aclassmateof_____washeretenminutesagoandshewantedtoseeyou.