北京地区人工景观生态服务价值估算田刚

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,(, 100037,Email:tg-iep@vip.163.com):,,、.,,,.:;,;;;;:X171.1 :A :0250-3301(2004)05-0005-05:2003-12-04;:2004-04-05:(1954~),,,,,.EvaluationoftheEcosystemServicesofArtificialLandscapesinBeijingTIANGang,CAIBo-feng(BeijingMunicipalResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalProtection,Beijing 100037,China)Abstract:Accordingtoquantitativelyevaluatingandcomparingtheecosystemservicesofartificialgrasslandandcultivatedtrees,artifi-cialpoolandconstructedwetlandinBeijingbythewell-acceptedmethod,itwasfoundthatthenetecologicalvaluesofgrasslandandpoolareallnegative.Itwassuggestedthatcultivatedtreesaremorebeneficialthanartificialgrasslandandconstructedwetlandthanartificialpool.Keywords:ecosystemservices;waterresource;Beijingarea;artificialgrassland;artificialtrees;artificialpoor;constructedwetland  ,,,,.,,,.,,、.1 ,,RobertCostanza《》[1],[2].,“,,.”1617,.1Costanza.,,、,[2].Constanza、,[3];[4];[5].,,.,、,,,,、,,-.1Costanza,a,b,,,25520049      ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.25,No.5Sep.,2004DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2004.05.002,,(Rent)(Costanza),.a,,aabcdbe,,,b,.b,,.1 -Fig.1 Thedemand-supplycurvesofartificiallandscapesandnaturalecosystem1 (1994)/US·(hm2·a)-1Table1 Summaryofaverageglobalvalueofannualecosystemservices(1994)/US·(hm2·a)-1/()7XX256X88XXXXX72403X544530XX2117760029XXX110XXXXXX8787665165925XXX234XXXXX43967504147X25XXXXXX236230491X2X17612443028498195802 2.1 1,,,.,、、/、、/().,,:(1)1,,,.(2)2,、,,,,.(3)199420032.4%(),8.3,2120036      2510.3.2.2 Costanza、、、、、、、(2),.、、、、、、、、,..(1)、、 .,;,;,,.,4.(2) 2,0.(3)、 ,、、,,,...1m2,、,[6~10].(4)、 ,,,,.,.,,;,,、、..(2),hm21782,,hm23111.2.2 /US·(hm2·a)-1Table2 ValueofecosystemservicesofartificiallandscapesinBeijing/US·(hm2·a)-17XX256X88XXXXX7240XXXXXXXX29XXX110XXXXXX8787665165925XXX234XXXXX439X50XXX25XXXXXX236230491X2X1761(1994)17330289511846(2003)178231119219122014()4800X1500016000()-30183111-5781106014  ,,.《》,4L/(m2·d),120d,0.48t/(m2·a)(,,1m3/m2[11]).,、,,t1,hm24800.1m2,,,《》[12],、、376.6mm,381.1mm,378.9mm,345.5mm,,.,75      .,hm2-3018;hm23111,2.1adbe,,-b,1aabc,,.2.3 、、,、、,6m(《》,1971).,,50,、、3[13~18]..,,,,,,.Costanza、、、、、、、、、、(2)..、、、、、,.:(1) ,,“”[17,19].CO2O2,CO2O2[20]..(2) 、,Costanza.,,2~3[13,19,21,22],,[23],.,,,.(3)、 2,0.(4) ,,,,.,,N、P,.,,,..[13,17,21,24].(5) 0.,hm29219122014..2.,、、.600mm,1100mm,2,2200mm,m2:0.5t1.6t.,,,.,,,,hm215000(3/m3)16000.,hm2-5781106014,2.,,1adbe,,,b.8      253 (1),.(2),,.:[1] CostanzaR,etal.Thevalueoftheworld'secosystemservicesandnaturalcapital[J].Nature,1997,387:253~260.[2] ,,.[J].,2001,21(11):1918~1926.[3] ,..[J],2000,45(1):17~22.[4] ,,.[J].,1999,19(5):607~613.[5] ,,.[J].,2001,16(1):47~53.[6] ,,.[J].(),2003,39(2):268~272.[7] .[J].,2002,30(3):111~114.[8] ,,.[J].,2002,13(9)∶1117~1120.[9] ,,.[J].,2003,19(3):45~47.[10] ,,.[J].,1997,19(4):12~17.[11] ,.[J].,2003,16(suppl):18~20.[12] .[M].2002.[13] ,,.[J].,2001,2:26~28.[14] .[M].:,2000.[15] ,,.[J].,2000,15(2):165~171.[16] .、[J].,2002,21(2):111~120.[17] ,.[J].,1998,18(4):293~300.[18] ,.[J].,2001,21(2):309~314.[19] .[J].,1999,19(5):385~391.[20] ,,.[J].,2003,12(5):411~416.[21] ,,.[J].,2003,3:9~12.[22] ,,.[J].,1993,(3):120~126.[23] ,,.[J].,2002,16(4):149~151.[24] .[J].,2002,6:11~15.95      

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