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2010,29(10):1876-1883JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience。、、、、。。5%。10d。X835A1672-2043(2010)10-1876-08100875ApplicationofBiofilmforEcologicalMonitoringinBaiyangdianSubstrateSelectionWANGXue-meiLIUJing-lingMAMu-yuanStateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,ChinaAbstractBiofilmscanberegardedascommunity-levelmonitoringsystemsforaquaticecosystems.ConsideringthenecessityofmonitoringpollutantsandprotectingtheaquaticenvironmentoftheBaiyangdianLake,wehighlightthepotentialapplicationofbiofilmsasbiomonitorsandselectsubstrataintheLakedominatedbyaquaticplants.Thisstudywascarriedouttoinvestigatethebioflimsformedondifferentsub－stratabyintegrateduseofinsitubiofilm,communityanalysisandmethodsofphysiologicalecology.Wecomparedthebiologicalcharactersofthebiofilmsbymeasuringtheirbiomass,Chlorophyllconcentration,algalcommunity,extracellularenzymeactivityofbacterialcommunitiesandpolysaccharidecontent.Theresultsshowedthatthestructureandfunctionofbiofilmswerecontrolledbydifferentsubstrata.Thebiofilmsonreedstemsurfaceandthoseoncarbon-fibermembranehadsimilarstructuresandfunctionswiththedifferenceoflessthan5%.Thebiofilmonbamboosignificantlydifferedfromtheformertwo.10daysissuitablecultivationtimeforactivatedcarbonfiberinordertomakethestatusofbiofilmonactivatedcarbonfiberbecomestable.Thebiofilmoncarbon-fibermembraneisrecommendedforrapidecologicalmonitoringofthelakesdominatedbyaquaticplants,e.g.BaiyangdianLake,andfurtherbiomonitoringinvestigationswillbeneededamongdifferentwaterbodiestoestablishstandardizedmethodsofbioflimmonitoringandwidelyuse.Keywordsbiofilm;biomonitoring;substrataselection;BaiyangdianLake2010－06－22973No.2006CB403403No.40940012No.2008ZX07209-0091986—。E-mailVirginiawxm@163.comE-mailjingling@bnu.edu.cn[1]。。、、extracellularpolysaccharidesubstancesEPS。[2]。2910[3-4]。[5-8]12345。。[9]。[10-13]、[21113-14]、[14-16]。Tlili[17]、a。[11-12]、[7][17]。[7]。Barbiero[18]。Danilov[19]、3。Cattaneo[20]。、[20]。。[15]。。、、、。11.11113°39′~116°11′39°4′~40°4′1Figure1LocationofBaiyangdiananddistributionofstate-controlledpoints116°0′E116°0′E38°48′0″N38°48′0″N02468km1877201010366km2。510.1mm98。。、、[21]。。PhragmitesaustralisCar．Trin．ExSteude1、[22]。1.220091010000m21.3m、、、4。310m440cm220cm660d。5、7、10、14、30、60d160d。0.2μm4、a。10d。1.320104116°11′E39°40′N。1.31m78cm。20cm310m1040cm2。10d280cm2。0.2μm1-25℃。20cm3。0.2μm51-25℃。1.4、、、EPS、SPSS13.0。1.4.132mL0.2μm105℃24h500℃SX-4-10FiberMuffleTestChina1hash-freedrymassAFDM[1117]g·m-2。1.4.232mL1%MgCO30.45μm、50mm-20℃20min5min3~5-20℃5mL5mL80℃90%2min4℃4~6h。-3000r·min-130min90%90%750、664、647、630nma、b、c[23]chla=[12.12D664-D750-1.58D647-D750-0.08D630-D750]VE/S·dchlb=[-5.55D664-D750+21.5D647-D750-2.72D630-D750]VE/S·dchlc=[-1.71D664-D750-7.77D647-D750+25.08D630-D750]VE/S·dchla、chlb、chlca、b、cμg·cm-2D664、D647、D630、D750664、647、630、750nmVE187829101Table1SubstratesandreactionconditionsforextracellularenzymemLScm2dcm。3a、b、c。1.4.320s40W40kHz。《》《》。1.4.41[24]。31.5mL30.5mLpH1mL30℃1mL0.1mol·L-1NaOH。PHOSβ-BETA1h410nmLEU30min405nm。、。nmol·cm-2·h-1nmol·cm-2·h-1=A/ε·V/S·tAε9870L·mol-1·cm-117500L·mol-1·cm-1VSt。1.4.5EPS[25]。31mL1mL5%5mL。3000r·min-110min488nm0~200μg·mL-1y=0.623xR2=0.960。glucoseequivalentsmg·cm-2。22.1210d。。TtestP0.05。a10d60d。。2.21.5~2.9mg·cm-242.9mg·cm-2。4。a5。ChlbChlaChlcChlaChlb/ChlaChlc/Chla0.2bc。Chlb/ChlaChlc/Chla。LEUpH7.7L-0.1mol·L-1NaOHβ-BETApH5.0-β-D-PHOSpH8.51879201010。。SPSS13.06r2=0.975TtestP0.05。7PHOS。β-BETA0.845nmol·cm-2·h-1。LEU。100806040200/d/%5710143060sp100806040200/%sp/d5710143060spsp1008060402001008060402002spFigure2RelativeabundanceofalgainbiofilmofcultureinTaipingLake3aFigure3ChlorophyaconcentrationandBiomassofbiofilmculturedinTaipingLake/d575.04.54.03.52.52.01.51.00.50chla/μg·cm-2A/d57101430605000400030006005004003002001000AFDM/μg·cm-2B1014306018802910EPS0.21~0.65mgglucose-eq·cm-2。ANOVAP0.058。3[9]、a。。。。[9]。、、。ab、cab、、aca、b、c。1881201010ttestP0.05。。[26]。LEU3。EPS50%~90%[27]。。95%。10%。。。12[28]。10d。41。、、、。2。。310d。12。[1]NerbonneBA,VondracekB.Effectsoflocallanduseonphysicalhabi－tat,benthicmacroinvertebrates,andfishintheWhitewaterRiver,Min－nesota,USA[J].EnvironmentalManagement,2001,28187-99.[2]LawrenceJR,etal.Community-levelassessmentoftheeffectsofthebroad-spectrumantimicrobialchlorhexidineontheoutcomeofrivermicrobialbiofilmdevelopment[J].AppliedandEnvironmentalMicro－biology,2008,74113541.[3]MagesM,etal.Biofilmsasbio-indicatorforpollutedwaters?[J].Analyt－icalandBioanalyticalChemistry,2004,37841095-1101.[4]MasseretE,AmblardC,BourdierG.Changesinthestructureandmetabolicactivitiesofperiphyticcommunitiesinastreamreceivingtreatedsewagefromawastestabilizationpond[J].WaterResearch,1998,3282299-2314.[5]McCormickPV,CairnsJ.Algaeasindicatorsofenvironmentalchange18822910[J].JournalofAppliedPhycology,1994,65509-526.[6]NockerA,etal.Responseofestuarinebiofilmmicrobialcommunityde－velopmenttochangesindissolvedoxygenandnutrientconcentrations[J].MicrobialEcology,2007,543532-542.[7]KrpflK,etal.ChemicalandbiologicalcharacterisationofbiofilmsformedondifferentsubstratainTiszariverHungary[J].Environm