纺织企业ERP项目成功实施的关键要素

上海交通大学硕士学位论文纺织企业ERP项目成功实施的关键要素姓名：张道刚申请学位级别：硕士专业：控制工程指导教师：赵霞;孙中杭20080616IERPERPCRMSCMPLMPDMERPERPERPERPERPITERPPMBOKERPERPERPAbstractIIKEYELEMENTSTOTEXTILEINDUSTRYERPPROJECTSUCCESSFULIMPLEMENTATIONABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyandeffectofthecompetition,moreandmorecompaniesturntoinformatizationandexpecttoachieveoptimizedbusinessprocess,improvesupplychainperformance,loweroperationcostandretaincompetitiveadvantageuponinformatization.Thesechangesaffecttraditionalindustriesgreatly,theyhopetotaketheopportunitytoimprovecompany’smanagementlevelandperformancetoo.EnterpriseapplicationsolutionprovidersaregrowingfastowingtothemarketrequirementforapplicationslikeERP,CRM,SCMPLMandPDM.Representedasenterpriseapplicationinmanufacturingenvironment,marketrequirementofERPincreasedrapidlytoanewhighlevel.SomecompaniescompletedERPprojectimplementationbeforetheircommercialoperation.ThisinflectshowmodernenterprisesthinkofERP.Butfortextileandapparelindustries,theywillfacemorechallengesanddifficultiesthanpetrochemicalpharmaceuticalorchemicalindustriesiftheywanttosuccessfullyimplementERP.Thisisdeterminedbythetextileindustry’sspecialrequirementanddevelopmentofdomestictextileindustry.Startingfromprojectmanagement,thisarticleanalyzeselementswhichaffectthesuccesstoimplementERPprojectinatextilecompany,triestoidentifykeyelementsandprovidereferencefortextileERPsolutionsproviderandtextilecompanywhoisintendtoimplementERP.KEYWORDS:EnterpriseResourcePlanning,projectmanagement,textileIIIIV“”3[1]ERPERPERPERPERPPMIPMBOKERPERP4ERP1.1ERPERPGartnerGroupInc.MRPII[2]ERPMRPIIMRPIIIBMMRPII1.2.1MRPMRPMRPMRP[3]1.2.2--MRPMRPMRPMRPMRP5a)b)c)[4]MRPIIMRPIIMRPMRP4MRPMRPIIMRPIIMRPMRPMRPMRPII6MRPIIMRPIIMRPIIERP1.2.3ERP(EnterpriseResourcePlanning)3ERP3ERPERPERP[1]ERPMRPIIa)(Internet)(Intranet)(Extranet)E-Businessb)ERPc)GUIORDBMS4GL/CASE/C/SJAVAWEBSERVERINTERNET/INTRANET1.2ERP1981MRPMRP/ERP20ERP41.2.111981-199072080MRPMRPMRPMRPMRPMRPMRPMRPMRPMRPMRP/ERP1.2.221990-199719901997ERPERPMRP8/UNIX/ERPERPERPERPERP[5]ERPERPERPERPERPERP1.2.331997-2004199720041997ERPERPERPERPERPERPERPERP1.2.442004ERPERPERPERP9ERPERPERPERPERP[6]1.3ERPERPERPERP102.180[7][8]2.22000[9]z11zz[7]2-1Fig.2-1TextileInformationSystemsERP[11]ERP12ERPERPERPERPERPSAPORACLEIBMERPERPERPz13zERP612z2312zzERPERPERPERPERPERPERPERPERPERPERP14[12]2.3ERPERPERP153.120043PMBOK33.1.1ERPERP[13][14]a)b)3.1.216a)b)c)ERPERP3.1.3ERP3.2•••17•••••••••ERPERPERP/ERP3.3••••18••ERP3.4••••Managementbyprojects3.519PMBOK593.5.1-3.5.2PMBOK5203-1Fig.3-1HighLevelSummaryofProcessGroups’Interactionsa)21••b)•••••••••••••••••••••223-2Fig.3-2PlanningProcessGroupc)233-3Fig3-3ExecutingProcessGroup•••••••3.5.39PMBOKPMBOK200491)24•–•–•–•–•–•–•–2)•–WBS•–•–•–•–3)•–•–•–•–25•–•–4)•–•–•–5)•–•–•–6)•–•–•–26•–7),,•–•–•–•–8)•–•–•–•–•–•–279),•–•–•–•–•–•–[15]3.6ERPERPERPERPERP28ERPERP8ITERP[16]ERP[17],[18],[19]4.1ERPERPERPERPERPERP[20]ERPERP[21]ERP•ERP••ITERP29ACM(AssociationforComputingMachinery)ERPERP[22]ERP,ERPERPITCIOITERP[23]ERPERPERPITERPBPRBusinessProcessRestructuringERP30ERP[24]4.2ERPERPERP[25]ERPERP[26]ERP[27]4[28][29]ERPERPERP(SAP)Oracle[30](Datatex)Intex4.2.1SAPERP31SAP1972SAP801994SAP1995SAPSAPR/3EnterpriseMySAP35ERP30,ERP1995SAPERPSAP50SAPIBMHPSunIDS-Scheer()[31]SAPERPCRMPLMSRMSCM12041,200SAP50080%SAP20011000ERP300SAPR34.2.2Oracle1977Oracle10098Oracle100%19891991Oracle[32]SAPOracleOracle10g4.2.3DatatexERP32(Datatex)1987DatasysRovetexITDatatexIBMAS/400TIMTextileIntegratedManufacturing[33]•••••••••••DatatexIBMAS/400Datatex4.2.4IntexIntex1995ERPMESPDCIntexERPIntexWindowsServerHPUXLinuxIBMAS/400[34]Intex•WindowsServer•IBMIBMi5(AS/400)•UnixHPUX•LinuxRedhat•SunSolaris•IBMAIXOracleIBMDB2/400ERP33IntexIntexIntexDatatex4.2.51978,ERPeSCM()ERP4.2.6BeijingChinatextilesoftwareCo.,Ltd.ERP4.2.74.2.8ERP341988/ERP[35]ERPERPERP2002200460362NCU8“”ERPSCMCRMHREAMOAERPERP2004--ERPERP4.2.9199382005720268[36]ERP35401200261400050KINGDEEEASK/3V9ERP3ERPSAPOracleERPERPERPERPJDEdwardsBaanERP36[37]ERP1999SAPORACLEQADJDEWalkerStrategy7WalkerWalkerWalker2000WalkerWalkerERPWalker112003ERPERP19992004ERP[38],[39]ERP36ERPERPERPERPERP37SAPSAP[40]ERPWalkerERPERPERP[41]4.3BPRBusinessProcessReengineering1993MichaelHammerCSCJamesChampy(ReengineeringtheCorporationAManifestoforBusinessRevolution)BPR[42]ERP[43]ERPERP[44]ERPERP[45]ERP•ERP38•ERP••BPR[46]ERPERPERPERP[47],[48]4.4[49][50]••ERP39••••••••ERPERP404.575%4-1Fig.4-1ProjectCommunicationManagementProcessFlowDiagramERP414.5.11)n(n-1)/2n=1045•••••••2)•ERP42••••3)••••••••••••••4.5.21)ERP43••••2)3)•••4)(),[26]•••••ERP44•••••••4.5.34.5.4ERP45•••••PMBOKERP464.6ERP5PMBOKERPERP475.11918199520030001997350400020002004000110001.2200430004ERP2004ITERPIntexERP485-1IntexFig.5-1IntexModulesListERPERP5-2Fig.5-2RecipeManagementSubsystemFlowDiagram495-3Fig.5-3SchedulingandReportSubsystemFlowDiagram2006ERP/20078ERP5.2ERPERP5.2.150ERPITERP9010ERP5-4ERPFig.5-4OrganizationChartoftheERPTeamCompanyABCDERPIntexH515-5IntexERPFig.5-5ERPProjectTeamofIntexERPAITIT3AITITITITITBITERP25ERPERPITIT52ERPERPERP5.2.2ERPITERPERPIntex20ERPABERPERPERPIT